Если вы решили учить английский язык, вам точно никогда не станет скучно. Нужно всегда держать в фокусе грамматику, понимать разницу и отличие минимум между британским и американским английским, стараться воздерживаться от лингвистического мусора и постоянно пополнять словарный запас нововведенными словами и сленгом.
Сегодня предлагаем остановиться на теме биномиалов в английском языке. Это такие словосочетания, которые состоят из двух слов и соединены между собой союзом (чаще всего and или or). Порядок слов в этих словосочетаниях фиксированный, и в языке они выступают как устойчивые выражения.
Некоторые из них вы, определенно, встречали. Например, rock and roll, more or less, step by step. Эти примеры достаточно простые для понимания и перевода, но не все биномиалы переводятся дословно. Поэтому мы собрали самые распространенные и самые нужные, рассортировали для удобности. Ну что, приступим к изучению?
Биномиалы из неполных синонимов
Биномиалы, состоящие из антонимов
Биномиалы из слов служебной части речи
Биномиалы, где слова соединены не союзом and
Биномиалы с повторами слов
Напомним, что недавно мы писали про слова-паразиты в английском языке: как избежать и чем заменить.
Сколько выступлений или речей, которые вы слышали, начинались словами «Ladies and gentlemen»? Достаточно много, не так ли? А как насчет выступлений, начинающиеся словами «Gentlemen and ladies»? Скорее всего – ни одного.
Так почему эта фраза всегда используется в установившемся порядке? Такие высказывания являются биномиальными – это два слова, связанные союзом (обычно and/or). Порядок слов в этих словосочетаниях фиксированный, в языке они используются как устойчивые выражения.
Некоторые из них ты уже знаешь и неоднократно использовал. Например, rock and roll, fish and chips, now or never. Эти примеры достаточно просты для понимания и перевода, но не все биномиалы переводятся дословно.
Как и фразовые глаголы или идиомы, правильное использование этих фраз сделает твою английский ярче, а также упростит понимание носителей языка. В статье мы собрали самые распространенные и самые нужные, рассортировали для удобства.
Если ты sick and tired от неумения использовать биномиалы, изучи их сегодня – it’s now or never!
1. Биномиалы с союзом AND
Skin and bone – кожа да кости, очень худой человек
A lot of these fashion models are all skin and bones.
Pros and cons – за и против, плюсы и минусы
What are the pros and cons of online communication compared with face-to-face conversation?
Wait and see – поживем – увидим
No decision will be made until next year, so you’ll just have to wait and see.
Ups and downs – взлеты и падения
Over the next two years, he had many ups and downs.
Short and sweet – коротко и ясно, по сути
This morning’s meeting was short and sweet.
Sick and tired – сыт по горло
I’m sick and tired of eating zucchinis every day.
Back and forth – вперед и назад
He walked back and forth on the street.
Peace and quiet – тишина и покой
Can’t I get some peace and quiet?
Do’s and don’ts – что можно и нельзя делать
It’s important to know the do’s and don’ts of diplomatic receptions.
Done and dusted – полностью закончено, успешно завершен
The investigation should be done and dusted by the end of next month.
2. Биномиалы с союзом OR
Sooner or later – рано или поздно, в конце концов
Sooner or later, most children will leave home.
Make or break, win or lose – пан или пропал
We’re really nervous about this launch. It will either make or break this company.
All or nothing – все или ничего
She either loves you or hates you – it’s all or nothing with her.
Now or never – сейчас или никогда
It’s now or never, so make up your mind
More or less – более или менее, примерно
It has been like this more or less from the time I started the work.
Rain or shine – при любых обстоятельствах
Frances took her daughter walking every day, rain or shine.
3. Биномиалы с аллитерацией (начинаются с одинакового звука)
Safe and sound – цел и невредим
Come on, don’t be afraid, you’ll go back outside safe and sound.
Part and parcel – неотъемлемая часть
Emotional reactions are part and parcel of human experience.
Live and learn – век живи, век учись
I didn’t know that snakes could swim. Well, live and learn!
Bread and butter – основной доход
I’m an artist on the weekends, but being a tutor is my bread and butter.
Forgive and forget – простить и забыть
I really do want to move on, but I just can’t forgive and forget that you tried to steal my boyfriend!
Toss and turn – крутиться и возиться
Every night, it seems like I have to toss and turn for 15 minutes before I get comfortable.
Mix and match – комбинировать
I have a great variety of clothes which gives me an opportunity to mix and match various outfits.
Chalk and cheese – совершенно разные люди
My daughters are chalk and cheese these days – one loves baseball and the other loves ballet.
Rough and ready – сделанный наспех, но довольно правильный
Here are my calculations. They’re a little rough and ready as yet, but you’ll get a general idea.
Tit for tat – зуб за зуб
I noticed she didn’t send me a card – I think it was tit for tat because I forgot her birthday last year.
4. Биномиалы, основанные на рифме
Hustle and bustle – суета
I love living among the hustle and bustle of the city.
Wear and tear – изношенность
Wear and tear on the national parks has increased because of the greater number of visitors.
Willy-nilly – волей-неволей
I’m afraid you’re going to be assigned to a classroom willy-nilly.
Wine and dine – угощать едой и напитками
The survey concludes that most women like to be wined and dined on the first few dates.
Meet and greet – организованные встречи-знакомства, обычно с известными людьми
I’ve actually met Clay at a meet and greet, and he truly is the kind-hearted sweet man he appears to be.
Out and about – не дома
I’m just out and about with Mary if you want to come join us.
The nitty-gritty – конкретика
The manager always likes to begin the weekly meetings with an informal discussion before getting down to the nitty-gritty.
Fair and square – по-честному
And I won’t use magic this time, so you can win fair and square.
5. Биномиалы с повтором слов
Again and again – снова и снова
The phone rang again and again until I finally answered it.
By and by – вскоре
You’ll get used to it by and by.
More and more – все больше и больше
As we began to converse, he became more and more friendly.
Over and over – снова и снова, много раз
When I saw these articles, I read them over and over again.
All in all – в общем, в результате
All in all, I thought it was a good book.
Bit by bit, step by step – шаг за шагом, постепенно
And bit by bit, we will change this world.
Day in, day out – постоянно, ежедневно
I used to drink coffee day in, day out.
Time after time – снова и снова, постоянно
You continue making the same mistakes time after time.
Live and let live – живи и не мешай другим
Live and let live is my motto.
А чтобы запомнить лучше и изучить еще больше невероятно полезных фраз, предлагаем тебе посмотреть обучающие видео, которые мы подаем в статье. Так что live and learn!
A binomial pair is an expression containing two words that are joined by a conjunction (usually “and” or “or”). The word order of a binomial pair is usually fixed. Below is the list of most common binomial in English you should learn.
1. Bits and pieces
Meaning: Small individual things
E.g. Then there are all the other bits and pieces involved in a wedding: invitations, photos, and car hire.
2. By and large
Meaning: Mostly, generally; with few exceptions
E.g. It was, by and large, an unexceptional presentation.
3. Give or take
Meaning: Approximately; plus or minus some unknown amount.
E.g. He was six feet tall, give or take.
4. Hustle and bustle
Meaning: A large amount of activity and work, usually in a noisy surrounding.
E.g. He moved to his parents’ farm to have a break from the hustle and bustle of the big city.
5. More or less
Meaning: Mostly/ approximately/ almost
E.g. There are a hundred people in the room, more or less.
6. On and off
E.g. With so much worry, I only slept on and off last night.
7. Part and parcel
Meaning: An integral or essential piece; that which must be done or accepted as part of something else
E.g. Regular maintenance is part and parcel of owning a car.
8. Peace and quiet
Meaning: A period of calm, silence,etc., especially after noise, stress
E.g. Why don’t you all go and play outside? Your mother needs a bit of peace and quiet.
9. Pros and cons
Meaning: The positive and negative attributes of arguments.
E.g. We need to look at the pros and cons of each system.
10. Safe and sound
Meaning: Safe from danger and free from injury or harm
E.g. I won’t be able to relax during this storm until I know that the kids are both safe and sound.
11. Sick and tired
Meaning: Bored to the point of weariness
E.g. The boy was sick and tired of doing his lengthy homework assignment.
12. Sick and tired
Meaning: Annoyed or frustrated with something or someone, to the point of losing one’s temper or patience.
E.g. She was sick and tired of her daughter pestering her to help her with her homework.
13. Short and sweet
Meaning: Efficiently brief in duration, especially when referring to an unpleasant task.
E.g. The staff meeting was short and sweet today.
14. Sooner or later
Meaning: Eventually, at some undetermined time in the not-too-distant future.
E.g. He’ll turn up sooner or later.
15. Step by step
Meaning: From one stage to the next in sequence.
E.g. We were shown the process step by step.
16. Neat and tidy
Meaning: In a state of good order; tidy.
E.g. The house is neat and tidy.
17. Sick and tired
18. Sick and tired
19. Wine and dine
Meaning: To entertain someone to a fine meal.
E.g. The company wined and dined the prospective clients.
20. Up and down
Meaning: Upward and downward, alternately
E.g. She looked me up and down and hinted that I could do with losing some weight.
21. Back and forth
Meaning: Going from one place or position to another and back again.
E.g. The back and forth movement of the tide causes erosion of the coastline.
22. Far and wide
Meaning: Over a great distance or large area; nearly everywhere.
E.g. People came from far and wide to see the show.
23. Loud and clear
Meaning: In a clear and easily understandable manner.
E.g. The message from voters came across loud and clear.
24. Skin and bones
Meaning: Emaciated; very thin, as from lack of nutrition.
E.g. Look at that starving dog; he’s nothing more than skin and bones.
25. Odds and ends
Meaning: Miscellaneous things.
E.g. The garage was filled with a random assortment of odds and ends.
26. Make or break
Meaning: To be a crucial factor in determining the success of something.
E.g. Vince knew that his ability to come up with a catchy hook would make or break his song.
27. Take it or leave it
Meaning: A situation has to be accepted without change, or rejected outright.
E.g. That’s the deal: take it or leave it.
28. Sooner or later
Meaning: Eventually, at some undetermined time in the not-too-distant future.
Meaning: Without regard to consequences or the will of those affected.
E.g. So people chasing money churn out novels willy-nilly.
30. Sick and tired
31. Short and sweet
32. Wear and tear
Meaning: Damage or depreciation resulting from ordinary use
E.g. I drive carefully and have my car serviced regularly to avoid wear and tear.
33. Ups and downs
Meaning: Periods of positive and negative events, moods, or interactions; highs and lows.
34. Little by little
Meaning: A small amount at a time.
E.g. I earned enough money, little by little, to buy a car.
36. Spick and span
Meaning: Clean, spotless; original sense “like new”.
E.g. I mopped up the kitchen floor so it was spick-and-span.
37. Slice and dice
Meaning: To break a body of information down into smaller parts or to examine it from different viewpoints so that you can understand it better
E.g. Transcripts of the debate were available almost immediately, providing some opportunities to slice and dice the contenders’ words.
38. Win or lose
Meaning: Whether you succeed or fail
E.g. Win or lose, you must be proud that you got this far.
39. Do’s and don’ts
Meaning: Instructions and warnings about what you should and should not do in a particular situation
E.g. Here is a list of do’s and don’ts for anyone planning to start a business.
40. Live and learn
Meaning: To learn from the experiences that life gives us (often you live and learn), said when you hear or discover something which is surprising.
E.g. You mean I can get a discount because I’m under 26? Well, you live and learn – I never knew that!
Common Binomials Expressions | Image
